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Desktop Publishing
Johann Gutenberg's printing press invention in the 1450s made mass book publication possible. The letters were printed from movable types of lead. Books no longer had to be copied by hand and information could be shared more easily.
Since then, the typesetting process has changed and incorporated technological advances. Instead of setting type one letter or one line (linotype) at a time, material is now prepared for printing page by page using computer technology. The computer-based preparation of printed materials is called desktop publishing. Professional desktop-publishing software, such as Adobe FrameMaker and QuarkXPress are used to prepare material for the commercial printing process or for electronic distribution.
A typical publishing process covers the following steps:
Manuscript
Style, Formatting, and Design Decisions
Editing
Desktop Publishing
Proofs and Index Prepared
Finalized Content
Author Review
Print and Electronic Final Product
  1. An author submits a manuscript and first drafts of any artwork.
  2. While decisions are made about the book layout, template, text styles, and publishing media, the editing process begins.
  3. Editors work with the author to enforce consistency, suggest revisions, and help to improve the content.
  4. After the copyedit pass, the manuscript is proofread and indexed. Typically, a jacket cover is prepared at this time as well.
  5. The final proofs are reviewed and approved for publication. Some content can be put into a database or content management system and standardized before being processed for print or electronic publishing.
  6. In the last step, the final product is prepared. The book is printed and bound, or the e-book is finalized and put on CD or made available for download.
Biblioso does not distinguish between desktop publishing (the preparation of printed material) and electronic publishing (the preparation of material for electronic distribution). The processes are very similar and involve the same types of resources, thus we refer to both as desktop publishing. Our desktop publishing experts can prepare material for both printed and electronic publication. In fact, computer books and manuals often include both, a printed book and an electronic version of the book available either online or on a companion CD.



Publishing has advanced with changes in society and technology. Some key developments in history include:
  • The Latin Bible (the Gutenberg Bible) was the first book ever printed in 1455 in Mainz, Germany.
  • Lutheran books, reproduced with a printing press, were burned publicly in London in 1520 to stop the spread of Lutheran ideas.
  • Oxford University obtained a decree from the Star Chamber in 1586 confirming its privilege to print books.
  • In 1810 Firmin Didot introduced stereotype, a printing method that used a metal printing plate instead of movable type.
  • Berne Convention in 1887 establishes international copyright legislation.
  • Net Book Agreement of 1900 standardizes possible market prices and discounts between publishers and sellers.
  • Radio and television introduced new media and methods of communication in the 1920s-1960s.
  • In the 1990s the Internet and World Wide Web offered new opportunities for publishing.
  • E-book sales exceed one million e-books in 2003.
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